Daly's Bartenders' Encyclopedia by Tim Daly (1903, p.46)

1lemon peel — Twist a piece in the glass.acid
1 wine glassNew England rum base
0.5 spoonfulsugar — Dissolved in a little water.base
1 small lumpice other
  1. Dissolve the sugar in a little water in a medium size bar glass, then add the small lump of ice and twist in a piece of lemon peel.
  2. Add the New England rum and serve with a small barspoon.

Garnish: Twisted lemon peel.

Ice: One small lump

Daly's Pilgrim-Fathers anecdote is editorial rather than authoritative, but it does show how the drink was being framed culturally in 1903.

This is a direct-glass toddy service rather than a heated version.

See also: Whiskey Toddy, Rum and Sugar